Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



DMn 1s,- 1928. 1,695,500v

J. F. OCONNOR FRICTIQN SHOCK ABSORBING MEGHANISM y Filed July 25, 1927 2sheets-sheet 1 Patented A Dec. 18,

JoHN.- n ofcoNNon, or o cineasti;- imlinois, i Assrofnon j To n. Minna,r i i cia'roaeoimnfiois, a-coaronnrionor nnenwarm.1 ,v 1j.

UNITED, SgTAT-ESP riuorron snocinssortrino iuncnnnrsm.

l A 4 pplicaton led July 23,'

This invention relates to improvements:inlfriction .shock absorbingmechanisms.

hie object of the. invention tov provide aV friction` shock absorbingmechanism of high lcapacitya especially adapted forfrailfl l5 are4disposed within the, yole. The yoke way draft "riggings', including africtioifi system comprising a plurality of differential wedge membersand friction shoes cooperating with a friction shell and additional.friction means relatively to .'wliich V*thel Awedgemember-sand shoesare movable to provide for high frictional .resistance comf.y A p l Vting wedge -bljoclsC-; two frict1.onsh oes' bined .with.difli'erentialaction A more specific object of the invention is toprovide al friction shock absorbin'ginecli-l anism of y the characterindicated,l including.

a 'friction shellfhaving Yopposed,'inwardly u l stantially rectangularboxslilrelcasing having j converging friction surfaces, acentralfricitionpost, friction vmeans relatively movable with respect tothe post and shellfriction surfaces, wherein the `friction means cooper?Vartes with a plurality ofiA wedge pressurel Vtransmitting members,friction shoes and wedgeblocksVK resisted'A yspring means, the wedgepressuredtransmitting members have` ing wedging engagementwith'tlfiefriction shoes andwedge block at `different `wedging angles,whereby differential action is aect ed in addition to lthe wedgingactionto progdllce high capa-city. y

lOther objects oftheinvention will more clearly appear from the`description and claims hereinafter following.

` In the drawings forming ,a-'partgofthis i specification, Figure 1 S 2Lhorizontal, longitudinal sectional viewiof a railway,` draftV riggingshowing myimprovements incon` nection therewith. Figure'Q is a frontendelevationalfnview of the shock absorbing Amechanism proper.' Figui-elo.is a, transvers'e,` vertical, sectionalV View correspondingsubstantially to the line 3 3 of `Fiiigurei 1.V

, Figures; is a longitudinal,l vertical' sectional View 'of the forwardf end portion` of the shock absorbing mechanism `proper,-. Icorrespending substantiallyto theV line 'L15-450i? Figurefl.; And Figure is adetailfper-- spective viewfof one ofthe', `wedge pressure transmittingblocksemployed in connection with my improved shock absorbingmechanism..

In said l drawings,V "lO-l indicate l the usual channel shaped centerordraft sills of o arailway car underframe to theinner sides of whicharesecured frontstop lugs 11-11 1927. seriarngffeorgee.,'

and rearv l,stop lugslf2-Q12."k Theinner end i 'portion ofthe draw baris designated Aby 'Y l to whichis operatively conneotedfapyole i4 ofwel-l known form.' The shock` absorbing mechanism proper and amainfollower my@ o lnism proper compriseslljroadly .ai casing AQ.; afriction lpost B; twov pressure trans"m r t" V two 'wedge blocks E-ll;aimaiiiv spring resistance `F;' fandfa' spring followerGrL.Y

'lh'efcasing yA is in the form' offra sub longitudinally extendingvertically disposed spacedside Vwalls 17%17,l horizontally' dis posed`longitudinally extending spacedtopV and bottoniivalls 184418 andatransverse `rear end'wall 19,v Theendfwall [9 cooper-A V ates withfthestop lugs l2' in the manner of I the usual rear follower; At the forwardendthe sidewalls 17 areinwardlythickened, asindicated at 20.Thethiclrened portions- 2O of the Vside walls lare vertically *slottedAas 4dicated at 2l inwardly'of the frontend portion of ythe lcasing Afora purpose here- Vinafter described. The top and bottoniV walls ofthecasingl A are provided with f VKtransverse'abutment ribs S22 located atthe rear ends ofthe thickened portionsI 2O of 'the side walls.As-most'clearly shown in Figure l,

theribs 22 extend inwardly across y the casing' A and are centrallycutaway to` accommodate H `the top and bottom sides ofthe outer coil of:i

the. spring 'resistancelll.v o Y The Yside walls of the casing A'ar'efproj` videdwith ljliners 23, whichhave cnlargements 24 "aft .therear ends theieofg'the 'enlargements Qdfbeing inthe form ofvertiv callyldisposed vrelatively wide ribs adapted to seatfwithin jthe slots 2li ofthe 'thickened posed 'friction surface Q5. d Thefriction sur` faces 25ofthe opposedlinersarepreferably 100 y portions fZOofthe' side wallsftohold the r 1 liners 23 against movement''fr longitudinallyr` of thevOnffthe inner"side eachl liner QBfpres'ents a flat. longitudinally:dis-1j,

conve'rged'inwardly `of. themechanisin. f I liners "'together with the!forwarddendj portim'is of thetop and bottom'fwallsdS,

denne 'the Vfriction shell section'fof thek casing i 1 i. Ul

A. `ReerWandly of the friction shell section of the casing, the sinnepresents e spring cage.

The friction post B comprises a relatively henvy vertically disposedcentral bnnlike section having top and bottom laterally pro` jecting:rplete-like wings Z6-26 which extend substantially for the entire Widthof theY lungs 98.,` thereby ln'oviding nr certain amount of longitudinalmovement of the post B with respect to the liners Q3 und also permittinglateral. inward displacement of the liners in nssemblin;r the mechanismis hereinafter' more clearly pointed out. The inner edges of theplete-like sections 28 are normally slightly spaced from the front edgesof the ribs 22, is most clearly shown in Figure l, thereby permittingre. certain amount of inward movement of the friction post before theplate-like sections 26 eng-eige the ribs 22 to ositively arrest movementof the post B.

y he pressure transmitting Wedge blocks C-.-C are disposed nt oppositesides of the `ost B and nre interposed betwen the top and bottomplete-lilesections 2G of the post. The pressure tizinsmitting wedgeblocks C-C are of similiar design, each having a fiat front endyfncebearing-directly on the main follower 15. On the inner side, each blockC presents a longitudinally disposed Het friction surface 29 adapted tocooperate with the friction surface ntv thesnme side of the. post B. Onthe outer side, each block C is providedlwith inner` and outer Wedvefeces` 30 Yand 3l, the inner wedge face 50 being disposedat a keenerangle with respect to the longitudinal exis of the mechanism than theouterwedge fece 31. At the rear endthe blocks C are provided withinwardly projecting substantially triangular lugs 352 adapted to engageWithin pockets or seats 33 provided on Yopposite sides of the post B topositively limit outward movement of the Wedge blocks C i The twofriction shoes D ere also of simile rA each havingra'n outerlongitudinally the mechanism. `refer-eme to Figures 2 and 3, the wedgeenisn'i. The wedge inces 36 at the `,inner ends of the friction shoes Dcoopera-te with the wed 1re blocks E-E in n manner hereinafter pointedont. As clearly Shown in Figy ures E2 and 3, the friction shoes are alsointerposed between the top and bottom plete-like sectifms of the post B.y

The two wed ge blocks E-E are of similar design, each hnving ii flattransverse rear end fece 37 bearing directly on the springy follower Gand :i pair of wedge faces 88 and 3S) on the opposite sides thereof. Thewedge face 3S of earch block lil cooperates with the wed e fncc i6 atthe inner end of the corresponding friction shoe D and the Wedge faire39 cooperates with the inner wedge face El() `of the wedge block C atthe same side of As will be evident upon blocks :ire also interposedbetween the top and bottoni plate-like sections 26 of the post B,inasmuch ns the innerffriction ineens com )rising the pressuretransmitting wedge blocls C-C, the friction shoes 1)-4-1) und the wedgelblocks E-E is interposed between the top and bottom plate-like sections26 of the post B, the frictionmeens is held spaced through the top andbottom walls 18 of the casing A, 4the plate-like sections 26` serving esIneens for protecting the top and bottom Walls from weer.

The mein springa resistance F comprises nl relatively light inner coilend a heavier outer coil, the twocoils having their front and rear endsbearing respectively on the inner sideof the spring follower (ir and theend wall V19 of the casingr A. The springr follower G is preferably inthe form of heavy plate having a central boss rearwardly extendingtherefrom and engagiiig; Within `the inner coil of the spring resistanceto prevent relative lateral displacement of the spring resistance F withrespect to the spring follower G. As most clearly shown in Figure l` thespring follower G is alsorprovided with en annular seat surrounding theboss to receive thejforward end portion of the inner coi] of the springresistance The spring resistanceI F preferably placed under initialcompression when the parts are assembled So that the tendency of thespring;r resistance lo expand will hold all of A,the various frictionand wedge feces in Contact thereby compensating for weer of these parts.s o Y ln `essembling the mechanism ,the main spring resistance F com`rising; the inner and outer coils andthe spring follower are firstinserted vwithin the casinor A. The friction means'is thenassembleolbwith the friction post by placing the pressure transmitn tingwedge blocks in position on opposite sides of the post B and alsoplacing; the friction shoes D and wedge blocks E in position with theliner-s2?) disposed on opposite sides of the kfriction slioesff'Ilieassembled unit is then compressed so astojcontiactthe same laterally.andthe entire'fuiiit' is 'inserted through the other end of thecasingA-ywill beievident, the "width of the VrecessesV 2.7

of 'the top `*and bottom plate-likey sections 26 ofthe post-Bperinitfthe necessary lateral inward. displacement'of tlie'liners 23taper-y lthefs'id-e walls vof the casing, the 'entire fric-`tion'means'pis permitted to expandso vas .to seat the fribs2vvwithin theslots 21", thereby anchoring the liners lti'igtlie casinffrA; It

i willfbe evidentth'atV due Vto theftenden'cy of the `main springresistance jF i to fezipand and `force the wedge blocksE1-Eoutwardly,the liners 23 will be maintained interlocked' with Ithewalls of therasingAf4 on accountof the wedging actionfbetween theiiedgelbloc svE and the friction shoes-D andfth'e `pressurevtransmitting wedgef blocks fC. "Outward lmovementfof the post Bpositively limflbyl .engagement oft'h rear end wallsof the notches korf`recesses27` with j the lrear ends ofthe liners23. Outward moyementiting outward movementcf the friction' slices oftlie pressure'tra-nemittingV wedge'blocks C yis limitedby engadement Offb@y Mggxheiof with the' pestjBihe bioek, C in turn 1imu Assuming a compressionstroke off the i vthe post is Apositivelylimited byv engagementoffthe"wings orplatelilre sections 26 ofthe] post with thelugs 28of theli,ners"=23.' /Dura mechanism, the operation is as follows: `l Thevmain' follower V1'5 andthe casing A' will :bei

-moved"inwardly"relatively'toeach' other,

y friction shoesD-f-D andthe wedge blocks'v forcing the pressuretransmittingfwedge block iiiwardly'iof the ycasing A. V:A "wedgJ ing:action `will thus "be"v setfup` y"beti'ifv'een' the pressuretransmitting wedge 'blocks (l2-*the Oii'faccou'nt'f the wedging actionproduced,V the friction surfaces of thev friction shoes D will bebrought int-0 intimate contact with the friction surfaces ofthe liners23 and the friction Ysurface 29 of the pressure transmitting wedge block4C will be l sov brought into intimate contact with the frictionsurfaces of the post'B. Due tothe fric` "tion thus prodiicedbetii'feenthe post B and the pressure transmitting wedge block C, thc

ari-:topped the pressure transmitting wedge v block C will be forcedtoslide onthefriction l postB during the remainder ofthe compres-f.V

sion st'iokeof the mechanisinthereby'augl menting the *friction'alresistance Dui'ingf the inward movement ofthe frictionr meansthefrictioii shoes D -Dwill beforced laterj ally inwardly 'due to theconifergingrelation fof the friction surfaces of therliner'sftliereb7 jp ential action thusproduced causing *a more rapid' 4ini'vard movementof the spi-ing" follower Gr than Vthe rate of inward: motie-. m entofthe main follower '155` thereby` pro#V dwing-additional compression'ofthe main spring'resistance F. The differentialaction of themechanisin as'described will continue f untilv the actuating' force Ais reducedformove` nient ofthe follower 15 is -limited by-en'gagement" with'` thefront end ofthe casing.,A.

tween the kwedge faces of the"V friction shoes v Del) andthe inner wedgefaces of ,the pre 'sure transmitting wedge blocksC. A'ditl'er- Sii' l iUpon engagement of thefollower lkewith the e casing` Azftheactuatingforcek istransmitted i directly through thefcasing. the ilatteri act-k iing as a solid columnloadftransmitting meme' lber'to prevent'the mainspring AFYfro"fm-be` ing unduly compressed.

During Vrelea'se uponefreduction 'of @the actuating foi'ce,'tlieeXpansiVeVactiOn ofthe' main spring resistance F will force the fricL Y'tionineansoutwardly` The friction shoes 'D D, thel pressuretransmitting"'wedge.. u I blocks C-C and thefriction post B will beflcarried outwardly initially in vunison with A.

the wedgeblocks E--Er untilfv'movementof ieu *i ing" the-remainder [offf the releasing action;

ment of the pressure transmitting wedge blocks being limited, movementof thefricytion shoes MkD-D and wedge blocksE-E ywill also be limiteddue to the intei'enf ragin1hr wedge faces thereof. ,l As will-beevident, the releasing action of my improved mecha'- nism is greatlyfacilitated due to the initial l movement of the post during thisaction. c u

Vhile I have herein shown and described the preferred mannerofcarrying'v out my invention7 the same is 4merely illustrative,k

and I contemplate all changes andrmcdiiications which come within thescope of the claims :appended hereto. Y

I claim: c y.

l. Vlnxa friction shock absorbing mechation shoes cooperatingl with saidsliellfric# tion surfaces a friction post; wedge pies- Y suretransmitting meansino'vable relatively y1:25 nism, the combination witha friction 'shell ,having interiorlfriction surfaces; of fricmenttherewith7 said wedge pressure transmitting means and friction shoeshaving .coperating Wedge faces; Wedge blocks having wedging engagementwith the friction shoes `and wedge pressure transmitting means;

and spring resistance means opposing relative movement of said shell andWedge blocks. i g

2. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism; the combination with africtionshell having opposed interior friction surfaces; of a centralfric-tion element havin 4limited movement with respect to the she l;pressure transmitting wedge means disposed at opposite sides of thecentral friction element and having frictional engagement therewith,said means and friction element being relatively movable;friction shoeshaving frictional engagement with the shell surfncessaid shoes and meanshaving cooperating wedge faces ;flwedge blocks having wedging engagementwith the friction shoes and pressure transmitting wedge means; and

means yieldingl op osing relative move- K ment of said we ge b ookshell,

8. In a` friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination witha-mainfollower; of a friction shell having opposed friction surfaces; of apairof friction shoes cooperating with said shell surfaces; wedge blocksA having wedging engagement with theshioes' l we ve pressuretransmitting means engaged directly by the follower throughout thecompression stroke of the mechanism and movable in unison therewithhaving Wedging engagement withl the shoesl and wedge blocks andmaintaining theV shoe spaced from the follower throughout thecompression stroke; and means yieldingly opposing inward movement of thewedge blocks.

4.1m a vfriction shock absorbing mechaman, the combination with afriction shell `accasion `havii v opposed frictionsurfaces; of fricfrictional engagement therewith, said wedge pressure transmittingmembers and shoes having coo erative sets of Yfwed're faces; wedge blocs cooperating with said shoes and wedge pressure transmitting members,said wedge pressure transmitting inembers and wedge blocks havingcooperating sets of wedge faces disposed at an inclina.- tion to thecooperatin sets Of Wedge faces of said shoes and wedg i tinginembers;and spring resistance means opposing movement of said wedge blocks.

5,. In a friction Slck absorbing mechanism, the combination withafriction shell having interior inwardl converging Vopposed frictionsurfaces; o i a central friction post; wedge pressurey transmittingmembers having frictional engagement with the post and being relativelymovable thereto; fric-` tion shoes cooperating with said friction shellsurfaces; said shoes and mmbershaving cooperating sets of wedge faces;wedge blocks, said we ce blocks andshoes having e i pressuretransmitcooperati resets of wedge faces, said wedge blocks an `wedgepressure trasnsmittin4r members also having cooperating set-s o 'wedgefaces, the cooperati sets of last named faces being dispose at ai keenerwedging angle than the cooperatin `sets of wedge faces of said shoes andwe ge pres.-V sure. transmitting members; and means yieldinglyA oposing` inward movement o saidwe ebocks. i

Inwitness that I el 'in the fore have hereunto subscribev (lay of July,1927.

Y' JoHNjr. ocoNNoR.

n .he I :mynazme t 1s 20th feo

